Key facts
- A betting exchange matches punters who want to back an outcome with punters who want to lay it. The exchange takes commission on net winnings instead of building a margin into the price.
- Betfair Pty Ltd is on the Northern Territory Wagering Commission's list of licensed wagering operators. Betfair calls itself Australia's only online betting exchange.
- Betfair's market base rate is usually 8% on Australian racing, 6% on sports and 10% on NRL, charged on your net winnings in each market. Losing markets pay no commission.
- In our calculation, $3.00 on the exchange at 8% commission is worth $2.84 at a bookmaker. To beat a bookmaker's $3.00 you need about $3.17 on the exchange.
- Minimum bets are $1 online and $50 by phone. Horse racing can be bet in-play online; sports in-play bets with Betfair go through its telephone service.
What a betting exchange is
A betting exchange is a marketplace where punters bet against each other. One punter backs an outcome to happen, another lays it (bets it will not happen), and the exchange matches them and holds both stakes until the result. The exchange does not take a side. It makes its money from commission on winnings rather than from a margin in the odds.
That changes two things for you. You can bet against an outcome, which a bookmaker will not let you do, and you can ask for your own price and wait to see whether someone takes it.
Betting exchanges in Australia
In Australia the exchange is Betfair. The Northern Territory Wagering Commission's list of licensed wagering operators includes Betfair Pty Ltd, trading as Betfair, and the NT says betting exchange operators are licensed under the Racing and Wagering Act 2024. Betfair's own site says Betfair Pty Limited is licensed and regulated by the Northern Territory Government, and calls itself "Australia's only online betting exchange".
Because it is a licensed Australian wagering provider, the same national rules apply as for any licensed bookmaker: 18+ only, deposit limits, BetStop, and no credit cards or crypto for deposits.
How to read an exchange market
Each selection shows two sets of prices. The back side shows the best odds other punters are offering to lay, and the lay side shows the best odds other punters want to back at. Under each price is the amount of money waiting at it.
| Runner | Best back price | Best lay price | What it tells you |
|---|---|---|---|
| Runner A | $4.00 | $4.20 | You can back at $4.00 now, or lay at $4.20 now |
| Runner B | $6.40 | $7.00 | Wider gap: fewer punters trading this runner |
A tight gap between back and lay usually means a busy market. If neither price suits, you can request a better one; Betfair says your offer then waits for the community to match it. By default, Betfair says unmatched bets lapse and are cancelled at the start of the event. For horse, greyhound and harness racing, Betfair Starting Price (BSP) locks your bet in at a starting price that Betfair works out from the back and lay bets placed in the market, and Betfair says SP bets cannot be cancelled once placed.
The full mechanics of the lay side, including liability, are on our lay betting page.
What Betfair charges in commission
Betfair takes commission from your net winnings in each market, at a rate it calls the market base rate (MBR):
| Market | Market base rate (Betfair) |
|---|---|
| Australian racing | Usually 8% (6% in some states, 10% in others) |
| New Zealand and international racing | 6% |
| All sports markets except NRL | 6% |
| NRL markets | 10% |
Betfair's own example: $50 on a winner at $3.00 returns $150, net winnings are $100, and at 8% the commission is $8.00. Its FAQ says losing markets pay no commission. Betfair says the MBR varies because it reflects what the governing body charges Betfair.
The real price after commission
Commission only comes off profit, so an exchange price is worth a little less than the same number at a bookmaker. The equivalent price is 1 + (exchange odds - 1) x (1 - commission).
| Exchange price | Worth at 6% | Worth at 8% | Worth at 10% |
|---|---|---|---|
| $1.80 | $1.75 | $1.74 | $1.72 |
| $2.50 | $2.41 | $2.38 | $2.35 |
| $4.00 | $3.82 | $3.76 | $3.70 |
| $10.00 | $9.46 | $9.28 | $9.10 |
Turn it around and you get the exchange price you need to beat a bookmaker. In our calculation, matching a bookmaker's $3.00 takes $3.13 at 6%, $3.17 at 8% and $3.22 at 10%. Matching a bookmaker's $6.00 takes $6.32, $6.43 and $6.56.
The exchange often clears that bar. Betfair says its average overround on 2021 Australian Group 1 thoroughbred races before the jump was about 103%, against somewhere between 115% and 120% at some large bookmakers. Our bookmaker margin guide shows how to work out that total for any market yourself.
Commission is charged per market, not per bet
Because commission is on net winnings in a market, losing bets in the same market reduce it. Say you back two runners in one race at 8%: $20 on Runner A at $4.00 and $10 on Runner B at $6.00.
| Winner | Bet on A | Bet on B | Net winnings | Commission (8%) | You keep |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Runner A | +$60.00 | -$10.00 | $50.00 | $4.00 | $46.00 |
| Runner B | -$20.00 | +$50.00 | $30.00 | $2.40 | $27.60 |
| Another runner | -$20.00 | -$10.00 | -$30.00 | $0.00 | -$30.00 |
If commission were charged on Runner A's bet alone, it would be $4.80. The netting makes the exchange cheaper for anyone who bets more than one selection, or backs and lays the same runner.
Exchange or bookmaker: how they compare
| Feature | Betfair exchange | Fixed odds bookmaker |
|---|---|---|
| Who sets the price | Other punters | The bookmaker |
| How it earns | Commission on net winnings per market | Margin built into every price |
| Bet against an outcome | Yes, by laying | No |
| Request your own price | Yes, if someone matches it | No |
| Minimum bet | $1 online, $50 by phone | Set by each bookmaker |
| Sports in-play | By phone | By phone, or in person where the bookmaker offers it |
A tote is a third model, where the operator takes a fixed share of the pool; our tote vs fixed odds guide compares it with bookmaker prices.
In-play on the exchange
Betfair's FAQ says horse racing in-play is available over both the internet and the telephone. That matches the Interactive Gambling Act, which bans online in-play betting on sport but treats racing differently. For sport, Betfair's FAQ says to call its telephone betting operators, and its phone minimum is $50. The rules, and what counts as in-play, are set out in our guide to in play betting in Australia.
Pundit tip: before you call an exchange price "better", convert it with the commission for that market. An NRL price at 10% needs a much bigger gap over the bookmaker than a soccer price at 6%.
Using an exchange for lays and hedges
Most punters use the exchange to back at a better price. The lay side opens up other uses, such as locking in a result on a bet you already hold, which is covered in our guide to matched betting in Australia and in the lay bet calculator. If you find yourself trading markets to win back losses, the gambling help page has free support.
Frequently asked questions
Is there a betting exchange in Australia?
Yes. Betfair Pty Ltd appears on the Northern Territory Wagering Commission's list of licensed wagering operators, and Betfair describes itself as Australia's only online betting exchange. The NT licenses betting exchange operators under the Racing and Wagering Act 2024.
How does the Betfair exchange make money?
Betfair charges commission on your net winnings in each market, at a market base rate that is usually 8% on Australian racing, 6% on sports and 10% on NRL. It says there is no margin for profit built into its markets, because the prices come from other punters.
Is a betting exchange better than a bookmaker?
Sometimes. Exchange markets often add up to less than bookmaker markets, but commission comes off your winnings, so compare the price after commission. At 8% you need about $3.17 on the exchange to match a bookmaker's $3.00, in our calculation.
What is the minimum bet on Betfair?
Betfair's FAQ gives the minimum bet on the exchange as $1.00 online and $50.00 through its telephone betting service.
Can you bet in-play on a betting exchange in Australia?
On racing, yes: Betfair says horse racing in-play is available online and by phone. On sport, online in-play betting is prohibited under the Interactive Gambling Act, and Betfair's FAQ says in-play sports bets are placed by calling its telephone betting operators.
Related reading
Betting Quaddie A quaddie asks you to find the winners of four races. The cost grows fast as you add runners, the pool pays out after commission, and scratchings are handled by substitute. Here is the full maths. Read more
Betting Bookmaker margin Every fixed price has the bookmaker's cut built in. Add up a market and you can see exactly how big it is. Here is the method, three worked markets and how the margin grows in a multi. Read more
Betting Value betting A value bet is a price longer than the real chance deserves. The maths is one line; the hard part is the estimate and the patience. Here are the formulas, worked examples and the variance. Read more
Betting Line betting A line bet gives the outsider a head start so both sides pay about the same. Here is how the handicap is applied, why half points matter and what a $1.90 line really costs. Read more
Betting Boxing betting Boxing markets can list a draw, round betting pays on the exact round of a stoppage, and a late substitute can void every bet on the fight. Here are boxing odds explained, with worked examples and the settlement rules. Read more
Betting Soccer betting In soccer, the bet you placed usually ends at 90 minutes plus stoppage time, even if the match goes to extra time and penalties. Here is how each market settles, with worked prices and the A-League season dates. Read more Sources
Official pages we relied on. If anything here has changed, tell us via the contact page and we fix it.
- NT Racing and Wagering Commission: Licensed wagering operators
- Betfair Hub: FAQ
- Betfair Hub: Understanding commission
- Betfair Hub: The Betfair Exchange
- Betfair Hub: Overrounds
- Department of Social Services: National Consumer Protection Framework
- ACMA: Credit ban for online wagering
- ACMA: About the Interactive Gambling Act